This is resemble the US 'Marshal Project in 1948' Those burnt out debris western european countries like west germany, UK, Holland, France,Belgium Italy....etc  were later joined the NATO became the anti communist fortress in western Europe and they were like puppets until now! 

If one belt one road policy ahieved with success, many countries in midde east,  Africa or easter europe will became allies of China! AndChinawill became a new BOSS of somepart of the world!

USA policy over those third world countries  is simple: Made  everyone in povetry and begging charities from the world bank to achieve US political or stragetic goals!  Those south America countries was those example of borrowing money from the world bank and getting more povertry, debts and social chaos and continue of that cycle!